On November 24, People's Daily published a signed article by Liu He titled "High-quality Development must Be Achieved".
We must achieve high-quality development
(Study and implement the guiding principles of the Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee)
Liu He
Party's sixth plenary of the 19th through "the central committee of the communist party of China about the party's one hundred major achievement and historical experience for the resolution of (hereinafter referred to as the" decision ") stressed that must implement the innovation to become the first power, coordination becomes endogenous characteristics, green becomes universal, open way, sharing become the fundamental purpose of high quality development, We will promote changes in the quality, efficiency, and driving force of economic development. To achieve high-quality development is the integration of history, practice and theory of China's economic and social development. It is the fundamental way to embark on a new journey to fully build a modern socialist country and achieve the second Centenary Goal. We need to fully understand the essence of the Resolution and integrate high-quality development into all aspects and links of economic and social development.
1. Achieving high-quality development is the unity of history, practice and theory of China's economic and social development
Back in one hundred the history of the party, our party is leading the national people's revolution, construction and reform process, constantly sum up the experiences of both sides, from the historical tradition, culture and basic national conditions of our country, to grasp the historical characteristics of different stages, intelligent practice to explore, in a timely manner to rise to the thought theory, is more scientific to guide practice, It has created two major miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability.
Historically, high-quality development has been the result of the CPC's efforts to advance economic development to an advanced form. Moving towards high-quality development is a historical process. In the early years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, China's economic and social development faced a poor situation, the state pooled resources to establish an independent and relatively complete industrial system and national economic system within a short period of time. The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China stressed that the focus of the work of the whole Party and the attention of the whole nation should be transferred to socialist modernization, and set forth the tasks of reform and opening up. The twelfth National Congress of the Communist Party of China set the goal of quadrupling the national annual output value of industry and agriculture by the end of the 20th century. For some time afterwards, China's economy experienced a stage of accelerated development, with production potential constantly released, factors of production effectively utilized, and the economic scale getting bigger and bigger. At the same time, the pattern of economic growth is extensive, the economic structure is unreasonable, and constraints on energy, resources and the environment are becoming increasingly prominent. The CPC Central Committee has increasingly attached great importance to the transformation of the pattern of economic development. The 13th National Congress of the Communist Party of China stressed the problems of economic efficiency and economic structure, and put forward the track of gradually shifting from extensive management to intensive management. The 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the strategy of sustainable development, and the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China further clarified the strategic task of accelerating the transformation of the mode of economic development. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. The CPC Central Committee has called for adapting to, grasping and guiding the new normal of economic development, and unswervingly implementing the new vision of development. In light of the major changes in the stage of development and the principal contradiction facing society, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) clearly stated that China's economy has shifted from a stage of high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality development.
In practice, high-quality development is necessary for building a modern socialist country in an all-round way. Practice calls for high-quality development. At present, the principal contradiction facing Chinese society has evolved into one between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people's ever-growing needs for a better life. In essence, unbalanced and inadequate development is not of a high quality. We have areas of the economy that are nearly modern, some that are semi-modern, and some that are inefficient and outdated. At present, China's production functions are changing, the elements of economic development condition, combination, allocative efficiency change, facing the hard constraints significantly increased, resources and environment constraints is more and more close to the ceiling, carbon amount to peak carbon neutral has become an important framework, the medium and long-term development of our country high quality development and innovation of science and technology become a multiple constraints for the process of the optimal solution. In the stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way, we mainly solve the problem of quantity; In the stage of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way, we must solve the qualitative problems well and realize the sustained growth in quantity while greatly improving the quality.
In theory, high quality development is an important theoretical innovation for our party to grasp the law of development from practice to practice and again. The theory of economic development must keep pace with The Times. Marxist epistemology emphasizes that new theories arise from new practices, and new practices need the guidance of new theories. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has made the judgment that China's economic development is facing the overlapping of the previous three phases and that China's economic development has entered a new normal. It has stressed the need to deepen supply-side structural reform rather than simply judging GDP growth as the hero. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made a judgment that China's economy has shifted to a stage of high-quality development, and the resolution further emphasized high-quality development. These ideas are closely linked and have systematically answered the questions of "how to view" the economic situation and "how to do" economic work. Important to promote the development of high quality, together with the economic development of the new normal, deepen the supply side structural reform, overall development and security, to carry out new development concept and building a new development pattern and so on, become a new era of xi an important part of the economic thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics, is the latest achievements of marxism political economics. These important thoughts are the fundamental ideological guarantee for the historic achievements and changes China has made in its economic development since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, and they are important guiding thoughts that must be adhered to for a long time in building a modern socialist country in an all-round way.
2. Scientifically grasping the connotation and requirements of high-quality development
High-quality development is development that reflects the new vision of development, and we must pursue innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development.
High-quality development is people-centered development. Human being is a basic component of the economic system, involving both demand and supply. It is not only the subject of consumption, but also the subject of production and innovation. It is the most dynamic factor of production. Meeting the needs of the people is the fundamental purpose of socialist production and the fundamental force driving high-quality development. New growth points and new drivers of growth in China's economy come from addressing prominent issues of common concern to the people and from improving the quality of human capital. High-quality development is to return to the origin of development and maximize the social utility of the largest number of people. Entered a new stage of development, the party central committee with comrade xi as the core to achieve common prosperity for the all the people on the more important position, we must adhere to through the development of high quality, promote the common prosperity through hard work, and must be the most widely effectively arouse the enthusiasm of the whole society initiative, improving the quality of whole society human capital and professional skills, expand the middle-income groups, Instead of egalitarianism, killing the rich and helping the poor, killing the rich and reducing poverty, we should avoid falling into the trap of welfareism, and through the joint efforts of over 1.4 billion people, we should step into modernization together.
2. High-quality development means that macroeconomic stability is enhanced. Economic growth tends to fluctuate cyclically, but sharp ups and downs destroy factors of production and social wealth. Judging from the economic growth history of various countries, some high-speed growth economies, after a big economic boom followed by a slump, often unable to recover after a setback. At a time when the world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century and the global economy is full of uncertainties, macro stability has become a scarce resource. In pursuing high-quality development, we need to focus more on the supply side and improve economic stability by improving the economic structure. Macroeconomics is a continuous process that cannot be interrupted, we should always adhere to the general keynote of seeking progress in stability. The resolution calls for improving macroeconomic governance, innovating the thinking and methods of macroeconomic regulation, and enhancing the autonomy of macroeconomic policies. In particular, we need to do a good job in designing cross-cyclical macro policies and making counter-cyclical adjustments in response to economic fluctuations, and strengthen the management of expectations. The transition from high-speed growth to high-quality development is a period when risks are prone to increase. We should keep to the bottom-line thinking, prevent and defuse major risks, especially systemic risks, and use high-quality development to fundamentally prevent and defuse risks, so as to achieve a long-term balance between stable growth and risk prevention.
(3) Competitive enterprises are the micro basis for high-quality development. For high-quality development, we must take the cultivation of excellent enterprises with core competitiveness as an important starting point of all kinds of economic policies and truly lay a solid micro-foundation for a high-standard market system. When enterprises are doing well, the economy will do well. People will have jobs, the government will have tax revenue, the financial sector will have support, and the society will be ensured. At present, China's large enterprises have the problem of being big but not strong. Although the number of Chinese enterprises ranking among the world's top 500 in the past two years ranks the first in the world, they mainly rely on scale, innovation leading power, international competitiveness and world-class level still have a gap. A large number of small enterprises have strong vitality, but there are weak market competitiveness and insufficient upgrading ability. State-owned enterprises should continue to deepen reform and participate in market competition efficiently and fairly. A large number of private enterprises should develop in the direction of "specialization, specialization and innovation", and integrate the entrepreneurial spirit of risk-taking with the standardization of corporate governance. Foreign enterprises are very important to achieve high-quality development, and we should encourage the introduction of more competitive products, technologies and services to create value in higher level competition and achieve mutual benefit and win-win results. Entrepreneurs are integrators of factors, market pioneers and innovation drivers. Entrepreneurs are like fish, they swim when the water and temperature are right. We should create a favorable market environment for entrepreneurs and enable them to play their role.
4. High-quality development is innovation-driven. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that innovation must remain at the core of China's modernization drive. The CPC Central Committee has raised the importance of innovation to an unprecedented level. Innovation-driven development is a defining feature of high-quality development. High-quality development is the development with innovation as the primary driving force. Only innovation-driven development can promote China's economic expansion from extension to connotative development. We must be fully aware that scientific and technological innovation is not only a matter of development for China, but also a matter of survival due to profound changes in the world and national conditions. The key to successfully overcome the middle-income trap lies in whether the transition from factor input to technological innovation can be realized. Since the end of the Second World War, many countries have started industrialization and even briefly crossed the threshold of middle and high income. However, only a few countries, such as South Korea, Singapore and Israel, have truly overcome the middle income trap and become developed countries. All of these countries occupy a key position in global innovation and industrial division. Raising total factor productivity, labor productivity, contribution of science and technology, and accumulation of human capital are all directly related to innovation. The resolution stresses adherence to the innovation-driven development strategy. We will strengthen the state's strategic scientific and technological forces, strengthen basic research, move faster to overcome "bottlenecks" in key areas, and master more technologies that can be used as "trump cards". Basic research capacity is the source of national innovation vitality and must be vigorously strengthened. A breakthrough in a key technology can often create a segmented industry, which in turn revitalizes the entire industry and ultimately positively drives the high-quality development of the entire economy. We should adjust and improve the structure of science and technology, form an innovation system in which enterprises play a leading role, give full play to the leading and supporting role of large enterprises, support small and medium-sized enterprises in becoming important sources of innovation, and strengthen international cooperation in innovation. We will strengthen the creation, protection and application of intellectual property rights. We will improve the incentive and evaluation mechanisms for scientific and technological innovation, and put in place mechanisms such as the military warrant, the report of the communist Party of China (CPC), and the system of guaranteeing research funding. We will reform the management of research funding, and give scientists more power to make decisions on technology routes, allocate funding, and allocate resources. We will explore ways to grant researchers the ownership and long-term right to use their scientific and technological achievements. We will accelerate the formation and implementation of an evaluation system conducive to dedicated research and innovation by scientific and technological personnel.
5. High-quality development should be based on the market, the rule of law and internationalization. High-quality development requires strengthening market mechanisms, fostering healthy competition, reducing institutional transaction costs, and establishing a unified, open and high-standard market system with orderly competition. The socialist market economy is essentially an economy based on the rule of law. We must improve the legal system for the socialist market economy and provide a just, stable and predictable legal environment for the activities of market entities with the basic guidance of protecting property rights, safeguarding contracts, unifying the market, equal exchange, fair competition and effective supervision. High-quality development should be enhanced dynamically in the face of high-level international competition. We should promote institutional opening-up based on rules, regulation and standards, and make the Chinese market more attractive and Chinese enterprises more competitive in the world. Market-based, law-based and internationalized economies complement each other. They are the basic institutional requirements for cultivating and attracting world-class factors of production and high-quality micro-entities. We must promote them in an overall way to build a more mature and established socialist market economy.
6. High-quality development gives priority to ecological and green development. Green is the undertone of high-quality development. General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly stressed that "clear waters and lush mountains are mountains of gold and silver", and that mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand are a community of life that should be protected and managed in an integrated way. We will advance major projects to protect and restore important ecosystems, and build an ecological security barrier system. We will implement the strictest possible ecological and environmental protection system. To achieve high-quality development, We need to gradually and in an orderly way transform our way of life and work into a green and low-carbon one within the framework of carbon neutrality. This is a broad and profound systemic economic and social change. We should adhere to a systematic approach, promote carbon peak and carbon neutral work in a coordinated way, and follow the principle of "national overall planning, priority to conservation, two-wheel drive, smooth flow of internal and external development, and prevention of risks". We should first make progress before breaking new ground, and strike a balance between development and emission reduction, between the whole and the local, and between the short and medium term. We need to improve green and low-carbon policies and market systems, and make full use of market mechanisms as incentives and constraints. In-depth study on how to achieve green and low-carbon development in China's current coal-based energy structure. In promoting green and low-carbon development, we should solve ecological and environmental problems, make major breakthroughs in green and low-carbon technologies, and accelerate the formation of an industrial structure, mode of production, way of life, and spatial pattern that saves resources and protects the environment. We will get deeply involved in global environmental and climate governance and guide international cooperation on climate change.
Third, we will strengthen the driving force and guarantee for high-quality development
High-quality development will be the theme of the next stage of development. We must earnestly implement the guiding principles of the 19th National Congress of the CPC and the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth plenary sessions of the 19th Central Committee of the CPC, identify problems in development, remain problem-oriented, address major constraints in all sectors, and speed up the shift of our work in all areas to the track of high-quality development.
First, we need to accelerate the building of a new development landscape. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has put forward a strategy to accelerate the building of a new development pattern in which the major domestic cycles play the main role and both domestic and international cycles reinforce each other. This is a major strategy for high-quality development. At present, the outstanding contradiction that national economy and industrial circulation are not free is we face. We need to take scientific and technological innovation as the key to unblocking the major domestic circulation and concentrate our efforts on key and core technologies. We should give full play to The advantages of China's super-large market, provide application scenarios for the iteration of new products, new technologies and new forms of business, and promote the optimization and upgrading of supply chains. We need to attract high-quality goods and resources from all over the world through domestic circulation, strengthen the stickiness of supply chains, stabilize the layout of industrial chains, and make the domestic and international double circulation more smooth. We need to better balance development and security and firmly uphold the bottom line of security.
Second, we need to deepen supply-side structural reform. The main problem facing China's economy is the supply side. The key to achieving high-quality development lies in improving the level and quality of the supply system so as to better adapt to, lead and create new demand. We will strengthen the real economy and speed up efforts to build China into a manufacturing powerhouse. We should deepen the supply-side structural reform of the financial sector, strengthen the reform of the governance structure, improve the ability and level of the financial system to serve the real economy, promote the coordinated development of the real economy and the financial sector, and realize the high-level cycle of "science and technology, industry and finance". The capital market plays a crucial role in the operation of the financial sector. We should adhere to the principle of "building institutions, non-interference and zero tolerance", and build a standardized, transparent, open, dynamic and resilient capital market, so as to make it a hub for promoting scientific and technological innovation and the transformation and upgrading of the real economy. To adapt to the digital trend, develop the digital economy, promote the technological transformation of traditional industries, and develop strategic emerging industries. While adhering to supply-side structural reform as the main task, we should attach importance to demand-side management, stick to expanding domestic demand as the strategic basis, and always combine expanding domestic demand with deepening supply-side structural reform. Moderately advanced infrastructure construction. We will work in an orderly way to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality, strengthen overall planning across the country, improve energy consumption control mechanisms, and eliminate outdated production facilities through market competition. We will implement the coordinated development strategy among regions and create poles of growth for high-quality development. We will ensure that housing is for living in, not for speculation. We will adopt city-specific policies and provide guidance by category, and work to keep land prices, housing prices, and expectations stable. We will put in place a long-term mechanism for the real estate market, respond to people's demand for high-quality housing, better solve their housing problems, and promote the steady, sound development and virtuous cycle of the real estate industry.
Third, we must remain committed to reform and opening up. Socialist modernization is a dynamic process of constant adjustment, reform and improvement. As we enter a new stage of development and pursue high-quality development, we face more complex and arduous reform tasks. We must emancipate our minds and make major breakthroughs in key areas and links of reform and opening up with a pioneering spirit and a professional attitude. We will focus on ensuring that the prices of factors of production such as land, finance, science and technology, and data are set by the market; straighten out the pricing mechanism for energy such as coal and electricity; encourage the development of green energy; China's opening-up policy will not change today or in the future. We need to shift China's opening up from opening based on the flow of goods and factors of production to opening based on rules and other institutions, and accelerate the establishment of an institutional system and oversight model that are in line with prevailing international rules. We should take participation in market competition in developed economies and the introduction of high-tech and high-quality direct investment from developed economies as important aspects of opening up to the outside world. We will promote high-quality belt and Road cooperation to bring in high-quality products and go global with high standards. We should improve the global economic governance system, hold high the banner of economic globalization, negotiate and actively join high-quality free trade agreements, and work for a closer and more stable global economic system. This will have a positive feedback effect on China's high-quality development.
Fourth, we must always adhere to the "two unswerving". Our party to sum up the experiences of socialist construction, formed the public ownership as the main body, a variety of ownership economy common development and distribution according to work as the main body, the variety of modes of distribution coexist, the socialist market economic system and so on the basic socialist economic system, this is a great creation of the party and the people, we must adhere to the good development, consolidate and perfect good, good. To achieve high-quality development, we must fulfill the requirements of the Resolution, unwaveringly consolidate and develop the public sector of the economy, and unwaveringly encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public sector. We need to support state-owned capital and enterprises in becoming stronger, better, and bigger, and make the state-owned economy more competitive, innovative, controlling, influential, and resilient to risks. We should build cordial and qing relations between government and business to promote the healthy development of the non-public sector of the economy and the healthy growth of non-public sector individuals. We need to have a deep understanding of social psychological characteristics, understand what the market is concerned about and what the market is worried about, strengthen the guidance of expectations, improve policy formulation, do a good job in policy evaluation and communication with the market, adhere to a problem-oriented approach, and introduce more high-quality policies that serve micro entities. We will strengthen market supervision and anti-monopoly regulations, prevent the disorderly expansion of capital, maintain market order, and guide the orderly and sound development of capital factors. To adapt to the development trend of the new economy, we should not only strengthen the supervision of the platform economy, but also encourage the innovation of the platform economy, and cultivate first-class platform enterprises with international competitiveness. We should promote entrepreneurship, fully trust, rely on and respect entrepreneurs, and give full play to their important role in promoting enterprise innovation and improving enterprise competitiveness.
The centennial history of the Party has profoundly taught us that upholding party leadership is the fundamental guarantee for our victory. Promoting high-quality development is a profound change that bears on the overall economic and social situation. We must strengthen the Party's unified leadership and strategic planning over economic work, and improve the institutions and mechanisms for the Party's leadership over economic work. We must, under the leadership of the Party, accurately judge the historical stage we are in and the major problems we face, formulate the right major strategies based on the overall long-term trend, and make persistent efforts to achieve high-quality development. We have embarked on a new journey to fully build a modern socialist country. Centering on this great historic goal, we must make it our political task to implement the economic decisions and plans of the CPC Central Committee, boldly shoulder heavy burdens, dare to assume responsibilities, and creatively advance all our work in light of actual conditions. Party members and cadres should undergo training in promoting high-quality development, enhance their enthusiasm and initiative in work, enhance their ability to promote high-quality development, carry forward the spirit of professionalism, and solve various problems encountered with rational thinking. We will continue to be problem-oriented and goal-oriented, strengthen investigation and research, and carry out our work pragmatically. High quality development ultimately depends on high quality talent, to implement the good xi general secretary's important speech on talent working conference of the central spirit, adhere to the party tube talented person, in-depth implementation of the strategy of reinvigorating China through human resource development, deepen the reform of the mechanism of talent development system, comprehensive training, the introduction, the use of good talent, important talent highland center and innovation, speed up the construction of the world To provide strong talent support for high-quality development.
来源：《人民日报》
